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Physical Therapy for Vertigo and Balance Problems

When we consider balance problems and falls, older adults often come to mind, as aging is typically associated with chronic conditions that impact gait and stability, along with the natural degeneration of the inner ear and sensory systems. However, dizziness, vertigo, and other vestibular disorders can also significantly affect younger individuals. Conditions like benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular migraines, and post-concussion syndrome are common culprits, frequently disrupting the ability to work, stay active, and enjoy daily life. Stress, prolonged screen time, and engaging in high-impact sports can further exacerbate these issues, leading to persistent symptoms that greatly benefit from professional intervention and treatment.
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Understanding Dizziness, Vertigo, and Balance Disorders

Dizziness, vertigo, and balance disorders are complex conditions that can greatly impact an individual’s quality of life. The term “dizziness” encompasses various sensations, including lightheadedness, unsteadiness, and faintness. In contrast, vertigo refers to a specific type of dizziness characterized by a false sense of spinning or movement, often related to problems in the inner ear. Balance disorders involve difficulties in maintaining stability and spatial orientation, resulting in frequent falls or challenges with everyday tasks. These conditions can stem from several causes, such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular neuritis, Meniere’s disease, head injuries, migraines, or chronic illnesses like diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. Aging significantly contributes to these issues, as it affects the inner ear and sensory systems, and conditions like Parkinson’s disease can also play a role. Symptoms may range from mild discomfort to severe episodes, often accompanied by nausea, blurred vision, headaches, or a sensation of ringing in the ears (tinnitus).

Fall Prevention and Balance Program

Our licensed therapists specialize in treating various balance and vertigo disorders. We offer a comprehensive training program designed to enhance balance, improve gait mechanics, build muscle strength, and increase flexibility.

  • Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy (VRT): This specialized therapy focuses on retraining the brain to adapt to vestibular dysfunction. Patients engage in exercises challenging their gaze stability, postural control, and balance.
  • Canalith Repositioning Maneuvers: For BPPV, techniques such as the Epley maneuver reposition displaced crystals in the inner ear, alleviating vertigo symptoms.
  • Balance and Coordination Exercises: Therapists utilize tasks that enhance the interaction between vision, inner ear signals, and proprioception (body awareness), such as standing on one leg or walking in a straight line.
  • Strengthening Exercises: Weak muscles can worsen balance problems. Strengthening the legs, core, and back can enhance overall stability.

Frequently Asked Questions About Vertigo and Balance Problems

What is vertigo, and how is it different from dizziness?

Vertigo is a specific type of dizziness that feels like the room is spinning or you are moving when you’re not. Unlike general dizziness, which may include lightheadedness or unsteadiness, vertigo typically results from issues in the inner ear or vestibular system.

What causes vertigo and balance problems?

Common causes include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), inner ear infections (vestibular neuritis or labyrinthitis), Meniere’s disease, migraines, head injuries, and vestibular system disorders. Sometimes, poor posture, aging, or neurological conditions can also contribute.

Can physical therapy help with vertigo and balance issues?

Yes. Vestibular physical therapy is highly effective for treating vertigo and improving balance. A trained therapist can perform repositioning maneuvers (like the Epley maneuver for BPPV), balance training, and exercises to retrain your vestibular system.

How do I know if my dizziness is coming from my inner ear?

If your dizziness worsens with changes in head position, involves spinning sensations, or is triggered by looking up or rolling over in bed, it may be due to an inner ear disorder. A vestibular therapist or ENT can help diagnose the cause.

How long does it take to recover from vertigo with physical therapy?

Many patients experience significant improvement in just 1 – 3 sessions if the cause is BPPV. Other conditions, depending on severity and individual response to treatment, may require several weeks of vestibular rehab.

Can anxiety or stress cause balance problems?

Yes. Anxiety and chronic stress can lead to dizziness, unsteadiness, and a feeling of being off-balance. This is often due to hyperventilation, muscle tension, or a heightened nervous system response. A combination of vestibular therapy and stress management can help.

Is vertigo a sign of something serious?

Most cases of vertigo are benign and treatable. However, if you experience sudden severe vertigo with double vision, slurred speech, weakness, or trouble walking, seek emergency medical attention, as these may be signs of a stroke or neurological issue.

Start Your Journey to Recovery

Whether addressing the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s or the sensory disruptions of vertigo, physical therapy remains an essential component of a comprehensive care strategy, helping patients step confidently into a more balanced life.

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